{"id":1063,"date":"2023-10-09T11:02:36","date_gmt":"2023-10-09T09:02:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/?p=1063"},"modified":"2023-10-09T13:38:03","modified_gmt":"2023-10-09T11:38:03","slug":"rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\/","title":{"rendered":"Rostouc\u00ed bolesti americk\u00e9ho letectv\u00ed. Trag\u00e9die 57. skupiny."},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Mnoz\u00ed jsou pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b zvykl\u00ed na to, \u017ee americk\u00e9 letectv\u00ed<\/a> je s\u00edla a s\u00edla, struktura, kter\u00e1 do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry pomohla vyhr\u00e1t mnoho pozemn\u00edch bitev a p\u0159iv\u00e9st Spojen\u00e9 st\u00e1ty do \u0159ad v\u00edt\u011bzn\u00fdch zem\u00ed ve druh\u00e9 sv\u011btov\u00e9 v\u00e1lce. Ale to bylo, m\u00edrn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, ne v\u017edy a ne okam\u017eit\u011b. A americk\u00e9 letectv\u00ed pro\u0161lo bolestn\u00fdm obdob\u00edm r\u016fstu, kter\u00fd se n\u011bkdy vyzna\u010doval naprost\u00fdmi selh\u00e1n\u00edmi a trag\u00e9diemi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

57th Pursuit Group byla ofici\u00e1ln\u011b zalo\u017eena 15. ledna 1941 na Mitchell Field v New Yorku a n\u00e1sledn\u011b byla v \u010dervenci t\u00e9ho\u017e roku p\u0159evedena do Windsor Locks v Connecticutu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Skupina st\u00edha\u010dek P-40 se p\u0159ipravuje ke vzletu, Mitchell Field, 1941. Tyto letouny pat\u0159\u00ed do 8. skupiny.<\/em>
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na podzim roku 1941 se za\u010dalo pl\u00e1novat cvi\u010den\u00ed zahrnuj\u00edc\u00ed 57. skupinu. A 18. \u0159\u00edjna 1941 byl vyd\u00e1n opera\u010dn\u00ed rozkaz, kter\u00fd uv\u00e1d\u011bl, \u017ee v\u00edcedenn\u00edho skupinov\u00e9ho letu se m\u00e1 z\u00fa\u010dastnit sm\u00ed\u0161en\u00e1 skupina 25 st\u00edha\u010dek P-40 (Curtiss P-40 Tomahawk) 57. skupiny. \u00da\u010delem cvi\u010den\u00ed bylo otestovat protivzdu\u0161nou obranu v okol\u00ed leteck\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny McChord u Seattlu a z\u00edskat zku\u0161enosti s l\u00e9t\u00e1n\u00edm velk\u00e9 skupiny st\u00edha\u010dek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Objedn\u00e1vka neuv\u00e1d\u011bla konkr\u00e9tn\u00ed trasu, pouze \u0159\u00edkala, \u017ee se m\u00e1 j\u00edt po \u201enejlep\u0161\u00ed dostupn\u00e9\u201c trase. Bylo napl\u00e1nov\u00e1no n\u011bkolik dopl\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00ed paliva a p\u0159enocov\u00e1n\u00ed a byl pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n pozemn\u00ed podp\u016frn\u00fd t\u00fdm slo\u017een\u00fd z 25 mechanik\u016f a skupinov\u00fdch technik\u016f na pln\u00fd \u00favazek, kter\u00fd bude st\u00edhat sledovat v transportn\u00edm letounu poskytnut\u00e9m 1. letectvem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Skupinov\u00fd let st\u00edha\u010dek P-40 18. skupiny, Havaj, srpen 1941. Let skupiny v\u00edce ne\u017e 5 letadel, zejm\u00e9na na velkou vzd\u00e1lenost, byl tehdy skute\u010dnou ud\u00e1lost\u00ed.<\/em>
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Velen\u00edm letu P-40 byl jmenov\u00e1n major Clayton Hughes, absolvent West Point z roku 1929 a b\u00fdval\u00fd kavalerista. V roce 1934 d\u016fstojn\u00edk, kter\u00fd se domn\u00edval, \u017ee doba kaval\u00e9rie pominula, dos\u00e1hl p\u0159elo\u017een\u00ed k letectv\u00ed (United States Army Air Corps) a p\u0159e\u0161kolil se na st\u00edhac\u00edho pilota. Mezi sv\u00fdmi pod\u0159\u00edzen\u00fdmi byl zn\u00e1m jako bojovn\u00edk, tyran a hlavn\u011b pilot, kter\u00e9mu i p\u0159es slu\u0161n\u00fd s\u00f3lov\u00fd let zjevn\u011b chyb\u011bly zku\u0161enosti se skupinov\u00fdmi lety a schopnosti \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed letu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Piloti se sna\u017eili nezahl\u00e9dnout mu\u017ee v jezdeck\u00fdch kalhot\u00e1ch a vysok\u00fdch jezdeck\u00fdch bot\u00e1ch s hrom\u00e1dkou v rukou. A pokud se tak stalo, museli jste okam\u017eit\u011b st\u00e1t v pozoru a zasalutovat, a\u0165 jste d\u011blali cokoli, jinak se nedalo probl\u00e9m\u016fm p\u0159edej\u00edt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Skupinov\u00e1 fotografie d\u016fstojn\u00edk\u016f nov\u011b vytvo\u0159en\u00e9 57. skupiny, 1941. Uprost\u0159ed se stohem v \u0159ek\u00e1ch je major Hughes. Druh\u00e1 zleva je jedna z ob\u011bt\u00ed budouc\u00edho letu \u2013 poru\u010d\u00edk Truax<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n


V\u011bt\u0161ina Hughesov\u00fdch pod\u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch dostala sv\u00e1 pilotn\u00ed k\u0159\u00eddla o n\u011bco v\u00edce ne\u017e \u0161est m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f p\u0159ed pl\u00e1novan\u00fdm letem. US Army Air Corps aktivn\u011b rostl, to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee byl neust\u00e1l\u00fd nedostatek person\u00e1lu a vybaven\u00ed. Ale piloti se vytrvale p\u0159ipravovali na let, prov\u00e1d\u011bli samostatn\u00e9 i skupinov\u00e9 lety. V t\u00e9 dob\u011b se nic takov\u00e9ho v historii<\/a> americk\u00e9ho letectv\u00ed nestalo , \u0161lo o prvn\u00ed let st\u00edha\u010dek v takov\u00e9m po\u010dtu na takovou vzd\u00e1lenost.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prvn\u00ed let cel\u00e9 skupiny skon\u010dil leh\u010d\u00ed, poru\u010d\u00edk Miller se musel vr\u00e1tit na leti\u0161t\u011b kv\u016fli technick\u00e9 poru\u0161e letounu P-40. Letoun byl v t\u00e9 dob\u011b pro americk\u00e9 letectv\u00ed st\u00e1le nov\u00fd a byl \u0161patn\u011b zvl\u00e1dnut\u00fd technick\u00fdm person\u00e1lem a kvalifikace tohoto person\u00e1lu \u010dasto z\u016fst\u00e1vala nedostate\u010dn\u00e1; p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1me prudk\u00fd n\u00e1r\u016fst po\u010dtu letectv\u00ed, a tedy i n\u00e1bor nov\u00fdch person\u00e1l.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ji\u017e r\u00e1no 24. \u0159\u00edjna z\u016fstalo ve slu\u017eb\u011b pouze 19 letadel a pilot\u016f. Zbytek nemohl kv\u016fli r\u016fzn\u00fdm technick\u00fdm probl\u00e9m\u016fm pokra\u010dovat v letu, a to i p\u0159es mechaniky doprov\u00e1zej\u00edc\u00ed let a nejvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed prioritu samotn\u00e9ho letu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Zbarven\u00ed a ozna\u010den\u00ed letadel 57. skupiny v dob\u011b popisovan\u00fdch ud\u00e1lost\u00ed.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n


Na rann\u00edm briefingu 24. \u0159\u00edjna Trooper Hughes ignoroval doporu\u010den\u00ed meteorologick\u00e9ho d\u016fstojn\u00edka na March Field, odkud m\u011bli ten den odlet\u011bt, zpozdit let na severoz\u00e1pad kv\u016fli \u0161patn\u00e9mu po\u010das\u00ed. A st\u00e1lo to za poslech, vlhk\u00fd vzduch z Tich\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu a studen\u00fd \u0159\u00edjnov\u00fd vzduch z pevniny vytv\u00e1\u0159ely nad st\u0159edn\u00ed Kaliforni\u00ed bou\u0159kov\u00fd syst\u00e9m, typick\u00e1 situace pro podzim a zimu v poho\u0159\u00ed Sierra Nevada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Krom\u011b toho se Hughes rozhodl let\u011bt do dal\u0161\u00edho bodu trasy \u201ep\u0159\u00edmo\u201c, p\u0159es hory, a v\u00fdpo\u010dty paliva byly provedeny na z\u00e1klad\u011b p\u0159\u00edm\u00e9 trasy. P\u0159edletov\u00fd briefing byl form\u00e1ln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a na briefingu o po\u010das\u00ed a trati byli p\u0159\u00edtomni pouze dva piloti. Tehdy prost\u011b neexistovaly \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 pokyny, \u017ee v\u0161ichni piloti ve skupin\u011b mus\u00ed b\u00fdt informov\u00e1ni o po\u010das\u00ed a trase \u2013 le\u0165te ve formaci a neptejte se. Co bychom \u0159ekli, kdyby letov\u00e9 mapy m\u011bli jen dva piloti – major Hughes a jeho z\u00e1stupce. „Na kon\u00edch!“<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V roce 1941, navzdory r\u016fstu po\u010dtu letectv\u00ed, financov\u00e1n\u00ed jasn\u011b zaost\u00e1valo za pot\u0159ebami. Piloti v mnoha ohledech st\u00e1le \u017eili s realitou slu\u017eby b\u011bhem Velk\u00e9 hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 krize. Kysl\u00edkov\u00e9 vybaven\u00ed bylo r\u016fznorod\u00e9 a opot\u0159ebovan\u00e9, ne v\u0161ichni piloti m\u011bli kysl\u00edkov\u00e9 masky a ty, kter\u00e9 byly k dispozici, nebyly vybaveny vestav\u011bn\u00fdmi r\u00e1diov\u00fdmi mikrofony.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Speci\u00e1ln\u00ed letov\u00e9 uniformy nebylo dost, nem\u011bl ji \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd z pilot\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed se letu z\u00fa\u010dastnili. Let\u011bli jsme v bavln\u011bn\u00e9 d\u016fstojnick\u00e9 neform\u00e1ln\u00ed uniform\u011b a d\u016fstojnick\u00fdch neform\u00e1ln\u00edch bot\u00e1ch (v podstat\u011b civiln\u00edch derby bot\u00e1ch). V t\u00e9 dob\u011b prost\u011b piloti nedost\u00e1vali \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 pokyny pro p\u0159\u00edpad vynucen\u00e9ho p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed nebo opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed letadla (krom\u011b teoretick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpravy p\u0159i opu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed letadla), to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee nikdo nev\u011bd\u011bl, co a jak d\u011blat na zemi v takov\u00e9 situaci. situace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A nedalo se nic d\u011blat, v t\u00e9 dob\u011b nebyly prakticky \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 p\u0159enosn\u00e9 nouzov\u00e9 z\u00e1soby. Ty se teprve za\u010daly objevovat, piloti, kte\u0159\u00ed slou\u017eili v z\u00f3n\u011b Panamsk\u00e9ho pr\u016fplavu, byli prvn\u00ed, kdo o jejich pot\u0159eb\u011b mluvil, ale ani jeden pilot z 57. perut\u011b nic takov\u00e9ho nem\u011bl.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Jak to m\u011blo b\u00fdt a jak to bylo. Prvn\u00ed fotografie je ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed fotografie americk\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy zobrazuj\u00edc\u00ed poru\u010d\u00edka Gilberta Meyerse p\u0159ed P-40 z 35. skupiny. Pilot m\u00e1 na sob\u011b kysl\u00edkovou masku A-8, leteck\u00e9 br\u00fdle B-6, zimn\u00ed bundu B-3, kalhoty A-3, leteckou p\u0159ilbu B-5, rukavice A-9 a boty A-6. Na druh\u00e9 fotografii je poru\u010d\u00edk Truax ve stejn\u00e9 uniform\u011b, ve kter\u00e9 let\u011bl v \u0159\u00edjnu 1941.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n


P\u0159i p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017een\u00ed k Sierra Nevad\u011b se skupina dostala do obla\u010dnosti. Nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 se vzn\u00e9st nad mraky, kysl\u00edkov\u00e1 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed na v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b vozidel byla vadn\u00e1 nebo chyb\u011bly kysl\u00edkov\u00e9 masky a nav\u00edc topen\u00ed kabiny u ran\u00fdch P-40 bylo up\u0159\u00edmn\u011b dost slab\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mimo jin\u00e9 v oblac\u00edch Hughes, kter\u00fd zjevn\u011b nem\u011bl dostate\u010dn\u00e9 zku\u0161enosti s letem podle p\u0159\u00edstroj\u016f, ztratil orientaci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u0161echno, co se d\u011blo potom, bylo za\u010d\u00e1tkem skute\u010dn\u00e9 trag\u00e9die.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nejprve selhal motor auta poru\u010d\u00edka Pease, na\u010de\u017e se \u00fapln\u011b zastavil. Po n\u011bkolika ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch pokusech nastartovat motor se Pease rozhodne opustit letadlo, kter\u00e9 ztr\u00e1c\u00ed v\u00fd\u0161ku. Poru\u010d\u00edk Carey, kter\u00fd si v\u0161iml, \u017ee Pease m\u00e1 pot\u00ed\u017ee, ho doprov\u00e1zel, dokud neuvid\u011bl rozta\u017een\u00ed pad\u00e1ku. S \u00falevou vydechl a rozhodl se vr\u00e1tit do slu\u017eby, ale uv\u011bdomil si, \u017ee sv\u00e9 kolegy ztratil v oblac\u00edch…<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V hlavn\u00ed formaci zb\u00fdv\u00e1 pouze 17 vozidel. S\u00e1m Pease m\u011bl v\u00edce ne\u017e \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed. \u00dasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b p\u0159ist\u00e1l, p\u0159esto\u017ee sko\u010dil p\u0159es horskou zalesn\u011bnou oblast a prolet\u011bl sn\u011bhovou bou\u0159\u00ed v hor\u00e1ch. Kdy\u017e \u0161el asi p\u011bt mil z kopce, narazil na past\u00fd\u0159skou ch\u00fd\u0161i, kde byla kamna a dokonce i lo\u017en\u00ed pr\u00e1dlo, kde mohl p\u0159enocovat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Druh\u00fd den \u0161t\u011bst\u00ed neopustilo poru\u010d\u00edka Pease a kdy\u017e vy\u0161el do m\u011bsta Kennedy Meadows, na\u0161el na jednom z ran\u010d\u016f jedin\u00fd d\u016fm ob\u00fdvan\u00fd v tuto ro\u010dn\u00ed dobu, jeho\u017e majitel\u00e9 se obvykle na podzim st\u011bhovali do m\u011bsta. . Tam byl Pease p\u0159ekvapen, kdy\u017e zjistil, \u017ee nebyl jedinou ob\u011bt\u00ed neprofesionality a okolnost\u00ed toho dne a \u017ee na obloze nad Kaliforni\u00ed se odehr\u00e1v\u00e1 skute\u010dn\u00e1 trag\u00e9die.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hughes, zat\u00edmco letadla je\u0161t\u011b nevstoupila do hust\u00fdch mrak\u016f, musel u\u010dinit rozhodnut\u00ed ohledn\u011b trasy dal\u0161\u00edho letu. Jak ji\u017e bylo \u0159e\u010deno, v\u00fd\u0161 se vy\u0161vihnout nedalo. Bylo by mo\u017en\u00e9 se vr\u00e1tit… Ale Hughes se s\u00e1m rozhodl, \u017ee mise bude provedena v podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch \u201ebl\u00edzko boje\u201c a kavalerist\u00e9 nebudou v boji ustupovat!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee se domn\u00edval, \u017ee skupina let\u00ed nad n\u00ed\u017einami a je ji\u017e bl\u00edzko z\u00e1kladny, Hughes s rozhodnut\u00edm nijak nesp\u011bchal. Skupina vstoupila do zcela zata\u017een\u00e9 oblasti a formace se okam\u017eit\u011b rozpadla. Od t\u00e9 chv\u00edle byl prakticky ka\u017ed\u00fd pilot s\u00e1m.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed se v\u011bt\u0161in\u011b pilot\u016f poda\u0159ilo dostat se z mrak\u016f vlastn\u00edmi silami. Poru\u010d\u00edk Mears, kter\u00fd pochopil, \u017ee se bl\u00ed\u017e\u00ed k poho\u0159\u00ed, se dokonce pokusil varovat majora Hughese p\u0159ed nebezpe\u010d\u00edm, ale r\u00e1dio nefungovalo. Mears vyvedl skupinu dvou letadel z mrak\u016f a p\u0159elet\u011bl s nimi do Smith Valley v Nevad\u011b, kde byli nuceni p\u0159ist\u00e1t kv\u016fli nedostatku paliva. Pozd\u011bji v\u0161ichni t\u0159i v klidu odlet\u011bli do kone\u010dn\u00e9ho c\u00edle dne\u0161n\u00ed trasy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Poru\u010d\u00edk Carey tak\u00e9 odlet\u011bl do Smith Valley s\u00e1m. Pravda, na leti\u0161ti Smith Valley nebyla dr\u00e1ha ur\u010dena pro t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 arm\u00e1dn\u00ed st\u00edha\u010dky, v\u0161echna letadla se z n\u00ed p\u0159i p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed vymotala, ale pouze jedno bylo po\u0161kozeno n\u00e1razem do odvod\u0148ovac\u00edho p\u0159\u00edkopu a zakrytov\u00e1n\u00edm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ve Smith Valley toho dne p\u0159ist\u00e1lo celkem 8 st\u00edha\u010dek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
N\u011bkter\u00e1 z letadel, kter\u00e1 p\u0159ist\u00e1la ve Smith Valley 24. \u0159\u00edjna. V mal\u00e9m m\u011bst\u011b bylo vystoupen\u00ed skupiny arm\u00e1dn\u00edch bojovn\u00edk\u016f skute\u010dnou ud\u00e1lost\u00ed.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n


Motor v letadle poru\u010d\u00edka Westa se tak\u00e9 zastavil a on tak\u00e9 musel opustit auto po n\u011bkolika ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdch pokusech o nastartov\u00e1n\u00ed motoru, kdy\u017e si uv\u011bdomil, \u017ee se st\u00edha\u010dka zastavuje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 sou\u010dasn\u011b se tot\u00e9\u017e stalo s autem poru\u010d\u00edka Lydona se stejn\u00fdmi n\u00e1sledky – musel pou\u017e\u00edt pad\u00e1k.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Oba piloti, odd\u011blen\u011b od sebe, p\u0159ist\u00e1li v hor\u00e1ch v n\u00e1rodn\u00edm parku Kings Canyon. Poru\u010d\u00edku Westovi se nejprve poda\u0159ilo \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b sko\u010dit ze stromu, na kter\u00e9m se zachytil jeho pad\u00e1k, a pot\u00e9 na\u0161el loveck\u00fd z\u00e1me\u010dek, ve kter\u00e9m byla nalezena kamna a dokonce i ryb\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fd prut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Psal se rok 1941, v\u0161eobecn\u00fd boj proti kou\u0159en\u00ed byl je\u0161t\u011b daleko, skoro ka\u017ed\u00fd m\u011bl v kapse z\u00e1palky nebo zapalova\u010d, tak\u017ee s rozd\u011bl\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00edm ohn\u011b nebyly probl\u00e9my.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Druh\u00fd den se ozvalo zaklep\u00e1n\u00ed na chatu, ke dve\u0159\u00edm se p\u0159i\u0159\u00edtil nat\u011b\u0161en\u00fd West… Ale m\u00edsto z\u00e1chran\u00e1\u0159\u016f uvid\u011bl na prahu poru\u010d\u00edka Lydona promokl\u00e1ho a promrzl\u00e9ho. Chata v hor\u00e1ch se pro dva poru\u010d\u00edky stala t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 na t\u00fdden domovem. N\u011bkolik nez\u00e1visl\u00fdch pokus\u016f o sestup z hor se nezda\u0159ilo, pravideln\u011b sn\u011b\u017eilo a ani oble\u010den\u00ed, ani boty pilot\u016fm neumo\u017e\u0148ovaly dlouh\u00e9 p\u011b\u0161\u00ed t\u00fary v takov\u00e9m po\u010das\u00ed v hor\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

O p\u00e1r dn\u00ed pozd\u011bji p\u0159elet\u011bl arm\u00e1dn\u00ed B-18 nad hlavami pilot\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed proz\u00edrav\u011b zap\u00e1lili sign\u00e1ln\u00ed ohe\u0148, a shodil pozn\u00e1mku. Uplynul dal\u0161\u00ed den v komunikaci mezi piloty na zemi a ve vzduchu metodou \u201emy v\u00e1m pos\u00edl\u00e1me zpr\u00e1vu, vy n\u00e1m odpov\u00edd\u00e1te sign\u00e1ln\u00edm ohn\u011bm\u201c, po kter\u00e9m k chat\u011b postoupila p\u011b\u0161\u00ed skupina z\u00e1chran\u00e1\u0159\u016f z nedalek\u00e9 stanice str\u00e1\u017ec\u016f parku. . Oba piloti byli bezpe\u010dn\u011b zachr\u00e1n\u011bni a do druh\u00e9ho listopadu se dokonce setkali se sv\u00fdmi kolegy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ale v\u0161echny tyto ud\u00e1losti bledly ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s t\u00edm, co se stalo poru\u010d\u00edk\u016fm Longovi a Birrellovi. Jejich letadla narazila do horsk\u00fdch svah\u016f. Nav\u00edc podle sv\u011bdectv\u00ed n\u011bkolika o\u010dit\u00fdch sv\u011bdk\u016f se ob\u011b letadla okam\u017eit\u011b prom\u011bnila v ohniv\u00e9 koule, to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee v n\u00e1dr\u017e\u00edch bylo je\u0161t\u011b palivo. Birrellovo t\u011blo bylo nalezeno a identifikov\u00e1no, ale poru\u010d\u00edk Long byl n\u011bjakou dobu veden jako nezv\u011bstn\u00fd a teprve v roce 1942 byl prohl\u00e1\u0161en za mrtv\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
P-40 model E 57. skupiny, kter\u00fd se po v\u0161ech popsan\u00fdch ud\u00e1lostech v roce 1942 z\u0159\u00edtil. P\u0159i p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed se ulomil podvozek vozu. Nehodovost a r\u016fst po\u010dtu arm\u00e1dn\u00edho letectv\u00ed \u0161ly ruku v ruce.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n


Leteck\u00e9 hav\u00e1rie a smrt pilot\u016f byly v t\u00e9 dob\u011b bohu\u017eel obecn\u011b samoz\u0159ejmost\u00ed. Zejm\u00e9na na pozad\u00ed skute\u010dnosti, \u017ee arm\u00e1da a n\u00e1mo\u0159nictvo aktivn\u011b vytv\u00e1\u0159ely nov\u00e9 leteck\u00e9 jednotky a cvi\u010dily nov\u00e9 piloty. Jen v obdob\u00ed od 24. \u0159\u00edjna do 2. listopadu 1941 bylo ztraceno ne m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e 13 letadel, 13 \u010dlen\u016f pos\u00e1dky bylo zabito a 3 byli pova\u017eov\u00e1ni za nezv\u011bstn\u00e9, nepo\u010d\u00edtaje mnoho t\u011bch, kte\u0159\u00ed z\u00e1zra\u010dn\u011b unikli smrti, ale byli tak\u00e9 zran\u011bni a zmrza\u010deni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I na pozad\u00ed takov\u00e9 statistiky v\u0161ak ztr\u00e1ta 5 letadel jedn\u00e9 jednotky za jeden den vypadala jako n\u011bco mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e9ho. Zpr\u00e1vy<\/a> o tom, co se stalo, se nejprve za\u010daly \u0161\u00ed\u0159it m\u00edstn\u00edmi m\u00e9dii a pot\u00e9 migrovaly do celost\u00e1tn\u00edch m\u00e9di\u00ed. Noviny v San Franciscu, Sacramentu a Fresnu b\u011bdovaly nad ob\u011b\u0165mi, po\u017eadovaly vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed a p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161lely, zda arm\u00e1da takov\u00fd nebezpe\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdcvik v\u016fbec pot\u0159ebuje.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na konci onoho tragick\u00e9ho dne bylo p\u011bt z 19 letadel, kter\u00e1 toho r\u00e1na vzl\u00e9tla, zni\u010deno, jedno bylo po\u0161kozeno, 5 pilot\u016f bylo hl\u00e1\u0161eno jako nezv\u011bstn\u00e9 a u dvou byla pozd\u011bji potvrzena smrt. Osm letadel bezpe\u010dn\u011b p\u0159ist\u00e1lo ve Smith Valley, 115 mil v\u00fdchodn\u011b od zam\u00fd\u0161len\u00e9ho c\u00edle. \u0160est letadel se bezpe\u010dn\u011b dostalo do McClellan, kone\u010dn\u00e9ho c\u00edle dne\u0161n\u00ed trasy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I p\u0159es zjevnou mimo\u0159\u00e1dnost situace p\u0159i\u0161el od velen\u00ed rozkaz pokra\u010dovat v letu. Toho ve\u010dera, na poletov\u00e9 porad\u011b, jeden z pilot\u016f vy\u0161t\u011bkl na majora Hughese a p\u0159\u00edmo ho obvinil ze v\u0161eho, co se stalo. D\u016fv\u011bra ve velen\u00ed byla naru\u0161ena, mor\u00e1lka pilot\u016f klesala stejn\u011b rychle jako P-40 s vadn\u00fdm motorem Allison.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Druh\u00fd den r\u00e1no se major Hughes pokusil piloty motivovat, p\u0159ipomn\u011bl jim, \u017ee \u00fakol byl prov\u00e1d\u011bn v podm\u00ednk\u00e1ch bl\u00edzk\u00fdch boji, jako by \u0161li do bitvy s nep\u0159\u00edtelem, na co\u017e jeden z pilot\u016f p\u0159eru\u0161il \u0159et\u011bzec velen\u00ed , zamumlal p\u0159\u00edmo z formace a bez dovolen\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u2013 L\u00e9taj\u00ed nep\u0159\u00e1tel\u00e9 v tomto po\u010das\u00ed?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pak bylo v\u0161e p\u0159i star\u00e9m, piloti l\u00e9tali bez map, ztr\u00e1celi se, formace se rozpadla, letadla se ztratila, stroje trp\u011bly technick\u00fdmi poruchami. V letadle poru\u010d\u00edka Thompsona jednoho dne selhala ve\u0161ker\u00e1 elektrika, tak\u017ee musel s letadlem p\u0159ist\u00e1t za soumraku bez osv\u011btlen\u00ed v kokpitu. Situaci zachr\u00e1nila proz\u00edrav\u011b zakoupen\u00e1 baterka z vlastn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pravda, pilot pozd\u011bji smutn\u011b vtipkoval, \u017ee kdy\u017e nefungovala elektrika, pot\u0159eboval k p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed v noci 4 ruce: jednu na ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed letadla, druhou na ovl\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed plynu, t\u0159et\u00ed na vysunut\u00ed podvozku a vztlakov\u00fdch klapek a nakonec \u010dtvrt\u00e1 ruka dr\u017e\u00ed baterku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pikantn\u00ed situaci p\u0159idalo to, \u017ee poru\u010d\u00edk Thompson p\u0159ist\u00e1val na ranveji leteck\u00e9 z\u00e1kladny ve Fresnu, kter\u00e1 v t\u00e9 dob\u011b je\u0161t\u011b nebyla dokon\u010dena a ofici\u00e1ln\u011b uvedena do provozu. Jen se piloti op\u011bt ztratili ve \u0161patn\u00e9m po\u010das\u00ed a bez map a z\u00e1soba paliva ponechala jen m\u00e1lo mo\u017enost\u00ed pro v\u00fdb\u011br m\u00edsta p\u0159ist\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Jestli\u017ee se koncem roku 1941 leteck\u00e1 z\u00e1kladna ve Fresnu teprve dokon\u010dovala, tak v roce 1942 se tam u\u017e naplno rozb\u011bhl \u017eivot. Po\u010det person\u00e1lu a vycvi\u010den\u00fdch pilot\u016f rostl rychleji, ne\u017e se stav\u011bly budovy a kas\u00e1rna, museli bydlet cel\u00fd rok ve stanech, na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed to kalifornsk\u00e9 klima d\u011blalo v\u00edc ne\u017e pohodln\u00e9. Fotografie ukazuje jeden ze stan\u016f na leti\u0161ti Hummer na leteck\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u011b Fresno, 1942.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n


To v\u0161e nemohlo v\u00e9st k nov\u00e9 trag\u00e9dii a stalo se.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. listopadu se t\u0159i letadla z\u0159\u00edtila do hory v oblasti Ross Valley. Poru\u010d\u00edk Radovic utrp\u011bl \u010detn\u00e9 zlomeniny a poru\u010d\u00edci Truax a Speckman byli zabiti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Let skon\u010dil 4. listopadu. K ve\u010deru toho dne se deset z p\u016fvodn\u00edch 19 P-40, kter\u00e9 dok\u00e1zaly 24. \u0159\u00edjna dos\u00e1hnout v\u00fdchoz\u00edho bodu trasy (z 25) March Field, vr\u00e1tilo do v\u00fdchoz\u00edho bodu. B\u011bhem dvan\u00e1ctidenn\u00edho obdob\u00ed, b\u011bhem letu dlouh\u00e9ho p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 2500 mil, utrp\u011bla 57. skupina stra\u0161liv\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty i na pom\u011bry t\u011bchto turbulentn\u00edch \u010das\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zahynuli t\u0159i piloti, jeden byl uveden jako nezv\u011bstn\u00fd (ve skute\u010dnosti zahynul), t\u0159i byli lehce zran\u011bni, jeden t\u011b\u017ece zran\u011bn, osm letadel bylo zni\u010deno a jeden t\u011b\u017ece po\u0161kozen. A to v\u0161e bez nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9 opozice a v na\u0161em vlastn\u00edm vzdu\u0161n\u00e9m prostoru. N\u011bkolik letadel tak\u00e9 havarovalo b\u011bhem p\u00e1trac\u00edch a z\u00e1chrann\u00fdch operac\u00ed na m\u00edstech hav\u00e1rie 24. \u0159\u00edjna a 2. listopadu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ihned po skon\u010den\u00ed letu byl major Hughes zbaven velen\u00ed 57. skupiny. Bylo provedeno vy\u0161et\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed, v jeho\u017e d\u016fsledku nebyl obecn\u011b nikdo potrest\u00e1n. Bylo jasn\u00e9, \u017ee navzdory zjevn\u00fdm chybn\u00fdm v\u00fdpo\u010dt\u016fm bezprost\u0159edn\u00edho velitele jednotky neexistuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 jasn\u00e9 postupy a p\u0159edpisy, kter\u00e9 by mohly b\u00fdt \u201espolehliv\u00e9\u201c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nav\u00edc to nebyl Hughes s\u00e1m, kdo u\u010dinil rozhodnut\u00ed pokra\u010dovat v letu 24. \u0159\u00edjna, dostal p\u0159\u00edkaz. Na z\u00e1klad\u011b v\u00fdsledk\u016f \u0161et\u0159en\u00ed byly revidov\u00e1ny postupy pro prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159edletov\u00fdch instrukc\u00ed a instrukt\u00e1\u017e\u00ed, byly roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159eny pravomoci d\u016fstojn\u00edk\u016f \u0159\u00edzen\u00ed letu a meteorolog\u016f, kone\u010dn\u011b byl zah\u00e1jen v\u00fdvoj NAZ pro v\u0161echny arm\u00e1dn\u00ed leteck\u00e9 piloty a mnoho dal\u0161\u00edho.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Piloti 57. skupiny (v t\u00e9 dob\u011b ji\u017e st\u00edhac\u00ed skupiny – Fighter Group) na letov\u00e9 palub\u011b letadlov\u00e9 lodi „Ranger“ (USS Ranger (CV-4)), ze kter\u00e9 budou muset vzl\u00e9tnout 19. \u010dervence, 1942. Na fotografii jsou tak\u00e9 \u00fa\u010dastn\u00edci tragick\u00e9ho letu z \u0159\u00edjna-listopadu 1941 – poru\u010d\u00edci Thomas a Barnum.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n


P\u0159e\u017eiv\u0161\u00ed piloti 57. skupiny nad\u00e1le slou\u017eili, jeden z nich dokonce dos\u00e1hl hodnosti brig\u00e1dn\u00edho gener\u00e1la a samotn\u00e1 57. skupina, pozd\u011bji p\u0159ejmenovan\u00e1 na Fighter Group, bojovala ve St\u0159edozemn\u00edm d\u011bji\u0161ti operac\u00ed, kde se proslavila svou \u00fa\u010dast\u00ed. v masakru na Kv\u011btnou ned\u011bli), ale to je \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00fd p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pou\u017eit\u00e9 fotografie: www.wikipedia.org www.sananselmohistory.org www.thisdayinaviation.com www.timetunnel.com www.57thfightergroup.org www.asisbiz.com www.airandspace.si.edu<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Mnoz\u00ed jsou pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b zvykl\u00ed na to, \u017ee americk\u00e9 letectv\u00ed je s\u00edla a s\u00edla, struktura, kter\u00e1…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1064,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[117],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1063","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historie"],"yoast_head":"\nRostouc\u00ed bolesti americk\u00e9ho letectv\u00ed. Trag\u00e9die 57. skupiny. - L\u00edpov\u00fd List<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Rostouc\u00ed bolesti americk\u00e9ho letectv\u00ed. Trag\u00e9die 57. skupiny. - L\u00edpov\u00fd List\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Mnoz\u00ed jsou pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b zvykl\u00ed na to, \u017ee americk\u00e9 letectv\u00ed je s\u00edla a s\u00edla, struktura, kter\u00e1...\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"L\u00edpov\u00fd List\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-10-09T09:02:36+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-10-09T11:38:03+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Screenshot-2023-10-09-at-10-56-37-\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b-\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430-\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439-\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.-\u0422\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f-57-\u0439-\u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"638\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"388\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"David Z Moravy\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@https:\/\/x.com\/DavidzMoravy\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@DavidzMoravy\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Napsal(a)\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"David Z Moravy\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Odhadovan\u00e1 doba \u010dten\u00ed\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"17 minut\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"David Z Moravy\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/36713bba693a6de8e1239094530a9aaa\"},\"headline\":\"Rostouc\u00ed bolesti americk\u00e9ho letectv\u00ed. Trag\u00e9die 57. skupiny.\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-10-09T09:02:36+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-10-09T11:38:03+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":3320,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/36713bba693a6de8e1239094530a9aaa\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/10\\\/Screenshot-2023-10-09-at-10-56-37-\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b-\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430-\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439-\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.-\u0422\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f-57-\u0439-\u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b.png\",\"articleSection\":[\"Historie\"],\"inLanguage\":\"cs\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\\\/\",\"name\":\"Rostouc\u00ed bolesti americk\u00e9ho letectv\u00ed. Trag\u00e9die 57. skupiny. - L\u00edpov\u00fd List\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/10\\\/Screenshot-2023-10-09-at-10-56-37-\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b-\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430-\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439-\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.-\u0422\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f-57-\u0439-\u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2023-10-09T09:02:36+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-10-09T11:38:03+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"cs\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"cs\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/10\\\/Screenshot-2023-10-09-at-10-56-37-\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b-\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430-\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439-\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.-\u0422\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f-57-\u0439-\u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2023\\\/10\\\/Screenshot-2023-10-09-at-10-56-37-\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b-\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430-\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439-\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.-\u0422\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f-57-\u0439-\u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b.png\",\"width\":638,\"height\":388},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Dom\u016f\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Rostouc\u00ed bolesti americk\u00e9ho letectv\u00ed. Trag\u00e9die 57. skupiny.\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/\",\"name\":\"L\u00edpov\u00fd List\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/36713bba693a6de8e1239094530a9aaa\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"cs\"},{\"@type\":[\"Person\",\"Organization\"],\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/36713bba693a6de8e1239094530a9aaa\",\"name\":\"David Z Moravy\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"cs\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/03\\\/David_Z_Moravy1.png\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/03\\\/David_Z_Moravy1.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/03\\\/David_Z_Moravy1.png\",\"width\":868,\"height\":1076,\"caption\":\"David Z Moravy\"},\"logo\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/03\\\/David_Z_Moravy1.png\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/DavidzMoravy\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/lipovylist.cz\\\/wordpress\\\/author\\\/dav0455\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Rostouc\u00ed bolesti americk\u00e9ho letectv\u00ed. Trag\u00e9die 57. skupiny. - L\u00edpov\u00fd List","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\/","og_locale":"cs_CZ","og_type":"article","og_title":"Rostouc\u00ed bolesti americk\u00e9ho letectv\u00ed. Trag\u00e9die 57. skupiny. - L\u00edpov\u00fd List","og_description":"Mnoz\u00ed jsou pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b zvykl\u00ed na to, \u017ee americk\u00e9 letectv\u00ed je s\u00edla a s\u00edla, struktura, kter\u00e1...","og_url":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\/","og_site_name":"L\u00edpov\u00fd List","article_published_time":"2023-10-09T09:02:36+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-10-09T11:38:03+00:00","og_image":[{"width":638,"height":388,"url":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Screenshot-2023-10-09-at-10-56-37-\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b-\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430-\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439-\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.-\u0422\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f-57-\u0439-\u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b.png","type":"image\/png"}],"author":"David Z Moravy","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@https:\/\/x.com\/DavidzMoravy","twitter_site":"@DavidzMoravy","twitter_misc":{"Napsal(a)":"David Z Moravy","Odhadovan\u00e1 doba \u010dten\u00ed":"17 minut"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\/"},"author":{"name":"David Z Moravy","@id":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/#\/schema\/person\/36713bba693a6de8e1239094530a9aaa"},"headline":"Rostouc\u00ed bolesti americk\u00e9ho letectv\u00ed. Trag\u00e9die 57. skupiny.","datePublished":"2023-10-09T09:02:36+00:00","dateModified":"2023-10-09T11:38:03+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\/"},"wordCount":3320,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/#\/schema\/person\/36713bba693a6de8e1239094530a9aaa"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Screenshot-2023-10-09-at-10-56-37-\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b-\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430-\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439-\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.-\u0422\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f-57-\u0439-\u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b.png","articleSection":["Historie"],"inLanguage":"cs","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\/","url":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\/","name":"Rostouc\u00ed bolesti americk\u00e9ho letectv\u00ed. Trag\u00e9die 57. skupiny. - L\u00edpov\u00fd List","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Screenshot-2023-10-09-at-10-56-37-\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b-\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430-\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439-\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.-\u0422\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f-57-\u0439-\u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b.png","datePublished":"2023-10-09T09:02:36+00:00","dateModified":"2023-10-09T11:38:03+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"cs","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"cs","@id":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Screenshot-2023-10-09-at-10-56-37-\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b-\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430-\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439-\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.-\u0422\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f-57-\u0439-\u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/10\/Screenshot-2023-10-09-at-10-56-37-\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u0435\u043c\u044b-\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430-\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439-\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438.-\u0422\u0440\u0430\u0433\u0435\u0434\u0438\u044f-57-\u0439-\u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u044b.png","width":638,"height":388},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/rostouci-bolesti-americkeho-letectvi-tragedie-57-skupiny\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Dom\u016f","item":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Rostouc\u00ed bolesti americk\u00e9ho letectv\u00ed. Trag\u00e9die 57. skupiny."}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/#website","url":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/","name":"L\u00edpov\u00fd List","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/#\/schema\/person\/36713bba693a6de8e1239094530a9aaa"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"cs"},{"@type":["Person","Organization"],"@id":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/#\/schema\/person\/36713bba693a6de8e1239094530a9aaa","name":"David Z Moravy","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"cs","@id":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/David_Z_Moravy1.png","url":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/David_Z_Moravy1.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/David_Z_Moravy1.png","width":868,"height":1076,"caption":"David Z Moravy"},"logo":{"@id":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/David_Z_Moravy1.png"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/","https:\/\/x.com\/https:\/\/x.com\/DavidzMoravy"],"url":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/author\/dav0455\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1063","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1063"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1063\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1065,"href":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1063\/revisions\/1065"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1064"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1063"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1063"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1063"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}