{"id":1313,"date":"2023-10-13T07:43:27","date_gmt":"2023-10-13T05:43:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/?p=1313"},"modified":"2023-10-12T07:45:13","modified_gmt":"2023-10-12T05:45:13","slug":"charkov-je-volny-operace-citadela-se-nezdarila","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/charkov-je-volny-operace-citadela-se-nezdarila\/","title":{"rendered":"Charkov je voln\u00fd! Operace Citadela se nezda\u0159ila"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Operace Kutuzov<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Obrann\u00e1 bitva na st\u0159edn\u00ed front\u011b byla dokon\u010dena 12. \u010dervence 1943, na Voron\u011b\u017esk\u00e9 front\u011b 23. \u010dervence. Pl\u00e1n operace Citadela ( Operace Citadela: Pokus n\u011bmeck\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy o znovuz\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed iniciativy<\/a> ) selhal. Tankov\u00e9<\/a> formace Wehrmachtu nebyly schopny prorazit vrstvenou sov\u011btskou obranu a utrp\u011bly t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty. Pot\u0159ebovali \u010das na dopln\u011bn\u00ed, zotaven\u00ed a p\u0159eskupen\u00ed. N\u011bmeck\u00e9 vrchn\u00ed velen\u00ed nedok\u00e1zalo znovu z\u00edskat strategickou iniciativu a zcela ji ztratilo. Nyn\u00ed N\u011bmci pouze ustupovali, i kdy\u017e si zachovali schopnost v\u00e9st aktivn\u00ed obranu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Po vy\u010derp\u00e1n\u00ed a vykrv\u00e1cen\u00ed nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdch \u00fadern\u00fdch sil zah\u00e1jila rusk\u00e1 arm\u00e1da p\u0159edem p\u0159ipravenou protiofenz\u00edvu. V souladu s pl\u00e1nem operace Kutuzov ude\u0159ily s\u00edly st\u0159edn\u00edho, brjansk\u00e9ho a lev\u00e9ho k\u0159\u00eddla z\u00e1padn\u00ed fronty ve sm\u011bru Orjol. 12. \u010dervence 1943 jako prvn\u00ed vyrazily do \u00fatoku arm\u00e1dy Brjansk\u00e9ho frontu (BF) gener\u00e1la Popova. 3. arm\u00e1da gener\u00e1la Gorbatova, 61. arm\u00e1da Belova, 63. arm\u00e1da Kolpakchi a 11. gardov\u00e1 arm\u00e1da Bagramjan ze z\u00e1padn\u00ed fronty (ZF) Sokolovsk\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na\u0161e jednotky byly nam\u00ed\u0159eny na \u0159\u00edmsu Oryol, kde dr\u017eely obranu n\u011bmeck\u00e9 formace z 9. poln\u00ed arm\u00e1dy a 2. tankov\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy v \u010dele s Modelem. Hlavn\u00ed \u00fader byl zasazen na severu Oryolsk\u00e9ho p\u0159edmost\u00ed a z v\u00fdchodu. N\u011bmeck\u00e9 jednotky v t\u011bchto oblastech byly oslabeny, velk\u00e9 s\u00edly byly vybr\u00e1ny k \u00fa\u010dasti v ofenziv\u011b a nemohly odolat siln\u00e9mu \u00faderu Rud\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hned v prvn\u00edch dnech ofenzivy byla n\u011bmeck\u00e1 obrana prolomena. V \u00fatoku byly obzvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e9 Bagramjanovy jednotky, kter\u00e9 operovaly z oblasti Kozelsk v obecn\u00e9m sm\u011bru na Chotyn\u011bc. V prvn\u00ed f\u00e1zi operace m\u011bly Bagramjanovy jednotky ve spolupr\u00e1ci s Belovovou 61. arm\u00e1dou porazit nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9 uskupen\u00ed Bolkhov, kter\u00e9 krylo orjolsk\u00e9 p\u0159edmost\u00ed ze severu. Druh\u00fd den ofenzivy sov\u011btsk\u00e1 vojska prolomila obranu nep\u0159\u00edtele 25 km hluboko a jednotky 61. arm\u00e1dy se vkl\u00ednily 3\u20137 km do nacistick\u00fdch pozic. 3. a 63. arm\u00e1da postupovaly na Oryol a do konce 13. \u010dervence postoupily o 13\u201315 km.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u011bmeck\u00e1 skupina Oryol, vy\u010derpan\u00e1 \u00fato\u010dn\u00fdmi bitvami, nebyla p\u0159ipravena odrazit ruskou ofenz\u00edvu. Model odstranil n\u011bkolik \u00fadern\u00fdch formac\u00ed ze skupiny, kter\u00e1 postupovala na ji\u017en\u00edm k\u0159\u00eddle \u0159\u00edmsy. \u00dadern\u00e1 s\u00edla na ji\u017en\u00edm k\u0159\u00eddle ustupuje do sv\u00fdch p\u016fvodn\u00edch pozic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Postup Rud\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy se v\u0161ak N\u011bmc\u016fm nepoda\u0159ilo zastavit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

14. \u010dervence dos\u00e1hly jednotky Bagramjana a Belova od z\u00e1padu a v\u00fdchodu Bolkhov a arm\u00e1dy Gorbatyho a Kolpakchiho pokra\u010dovaly v postupu sm\u011brem k Orlu. N\u011bmeck\u00e9 velen\u00ed se sna\u017e\u00ed pos\u00edlit 2. tankovou arm\u00e1du, pos\u00edl\u00ed ji divizemi 9. arm\u00e1dy a z dal\u0161\u00edch sektor\u016f fronty. Sov\u011btsk\u00e9 velitelstv\u00ed zase posiluje Baltskou flotilu 3. gardovou tankovou arm\u00e1dou Rybalko. 20. \u010dervence vstoupila tankov\u00e1 arm\u00e1da do bitvy ve sm\u011bru Oryol. 11. arm\u00e1da Fedjuninsk\u00e9ho, 4. tankov\u00e1 arm\u00e1da Badanova a 2. gardov\u00fd jezdeck\u00fd sbor Krjukov jsou p\u0159esunuty do z\u00f3ny \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b postupuj\u00edc\u00ed Bagramjanovy arm\u00e1dy. Kryukovova skupina je posilov\u00e1na st\u0159eleck\u00fdmi a tankov\u00fdmi sbory. Sov\u011btsk\u00e9 formace se okam\u017eit\u011b zapojuj\u00ed do bitvy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Do 21. \u010dervence se rusk\u00e9 jednotky p\u0159ibl\u00ed\u017eily k \u017eeleznici, kterou proch\u00e1zely ve\u0161ker\u00e9 z\u00e1soby n\u011bmeck\u00e9 skupiny Oryol. Nacist\u00e9 sem poslali velk\u00e9 letectvo<\/a> , aby zadr\u017eelo nep\u0159\u00edtele. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 byly p\u0159ivedeny nov\u00e9 posily, kter\u00e9 uzav\u0159ely p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00fd pr\u016flom. Vyveden\u00edm do bitvy formac\u00ed, kter\u00e9 byly p\u0159evzaty z \u00fadern\u00e9 skupiny, se N\u011bmc\u016fm poda\u0159ilo zastavit rusk\u00fd pohyb sm\u011brem k \u017eeleznici a zabr\u00e1nit zhroucen\u00ed obrany na boc\u00edch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159esto se N\u011bmci nemohli vyhnout v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 por\u00e1\u017ece v Oryolsk\u00e9m v\u00fdb\u011b\u017eku. Bolchovsk\u00e1 nep\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e1 skupina byla pora\u017eena, 29. \u010dervence na\u0161e jednotky osvobodily Bolchov. Ve stejn\u00fd den byly 11. gardov\u00e1 a 4. tankov\u00e1 arm\u00e1da, Kryukovova skupina p\u0159evedeny do Baltsk\u00e9 flotily. Ofenz\u00edva ve sm\u011bru Oryol se rozv\u00edj\u00ed. N\u011bmeck\u00e9 velen\u00ed za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 stahovat jednotky na linii v\u00fdchodn\u011b od Brjanska.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

15. \u010dervence 1943 zah\u00e1jil Centr\u00e1ln\u00ed front (CF) se silami sv\u00e9ho prav\u00e9ho k\u0159\u00eddla \u2013 48., 13. a 7. arm\u00e1dou \u00fatok na Kromy na ji\u017en\u00edm k\u0159\u00eddle v\u00fdb\u011b\u017eku Oryol. Nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 hned prorazit nacistickou obranu. Na\u0161e arm\u00e1dy krv\u00e1cely v obrann\u00e9 bitv\u011b, obrana nep\u0159\u00edtele byla siln\u00e1, tak\u017ee p\u0159esun byl pomal\u00fd. Na\u0161e jednotky zauj\u00edmaly jednu pozici za druhou a zatla\u010dovaly nep\u0159\u00edtele zp\u011bt. N\u011bmci \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b vyu\u017e\u00edvali mobiln\u00ed obranu. Zadn\u00ed voj zadr\u017eel na\u0161e jednotky, v tu chv\u00edli se hlavn\u00ed s\u00edly otev\u0159ely, ustoupily o n\u011bkolik kilometr\u016f a zaujaly novou pozici. Nacist\u00e9 tak\u00e9 aktivn\u011b za\u00fato\u010dili a man\u00e9vrovali sv\u00e9 s\u00edly pod\u00e9l vnit\u0159n\u00ed komunikace. Do 30. \u010dervence postoupily jednotky Centr\u00e1ln\u00edho frontu o 40 km.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Sov\u011bt\u0161t\u00ed voj\u00e1ci bojuj\u00ed v obydlen\u00e9 oblasti ve sm\u011bru na Belgorod. Stepn\u00ed p\u0159edn\u00ed strana. srpna 1943<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Uko\u0159ist\u011bn\u00e9 provozuschopn\u00e9 tanky Pz. Kpfw. V „Panther“ na okraji Belgorodu<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Skupina j\u00edzdn\u00edch zv\u011bd\u016f je vysl\u00e1na na bojovou misi na p\u0159edm\u011bst\u00ed Belgorodu<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Operace „Rumjancev“<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Voron\u011b\u017esk\u00e1 a stepn\u00ed fronta na ji\u017en\u00edm k\u0159\u00eddle Kursk\u00e9 v\u00fdb\u011b\u017eky pod velen\u00edm Vatutina a Kon\u011bva zah\u00e1jila ofenz\u00edvu o n\u011bco pozd\u011bji ne\u017e ostatn\u00ed fronty. B\u011bhem obrann\u00e9 f\u00e1ze bitvy utrp\u011bl Voron\u011b\u017esk\u00fd front (VF) v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ztr\u00e1ty ne\u017e Centr\u00e1ln\u00ed front. Proto byla pos\u00edlena jednotkami Steppe Front (SF). Bylo nutn\u00e9 p\u0159eskupit s\u00edly a prost\u0159edky.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vojska Vatutina a Kon\u011bva zasadila hlavn\u00ed \u00fader s p\u0159ilehl\u00fdmi k\u0159\u00eddly front z oblasti Belgorod v obecn\u00e9m sm\u011bru na Bogodukhov, Valki, Novaja Vodolaga a obch\u00e1zela Charkov ze z\u00e1padu, kter\u00fd N\u011bmci prom\u011bnili v siln\u00e9 opevn\u011bn\u00e9 \u00fazem\u00ed. 57. arm\u00e1da jihoz\u00e1padn\u00edho frontu za\u00fato\u010dila na Charkov z jihov\u00fdchodu. N\u011bmeck\u00e1 charkovsk\u00e1 skupina arm\u00e1dn\u00ed skupiny Jih zahrnovala 8. poln\u00ed arm\u00e1du, Hothovu 4. tankovou arm\u00e1du a Kempffovu skupinu arm\u00e1d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dne 3. srpna 1943 zas\u00e1hla vojska Vatutina a Kon\u011bva po siln\u00e9 d\u011blost\u0159eleck\u00e9 a leteck\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b sm\u011brem na Belgorod. Jednotky 5. a 6. gardov\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy Zhadov a Chistyakov prolomily prvn\u00ed a druh\u00e9 n\u011bmeck\u00e9 pozice. Do bitvy byly p\u0159ivedeny 1. a 5. gardov\u00e1 tankov\u00e1 arm\u00e1da Katukov a Rotmistrov, kter\u00e9 spole\u010dn\u011b s p\u011bchotou dokon\u010dily pr\u016flom taktick\u00e9ho obrann\u00e9ho p\u00e1sma a postoupily do hloubky 25 km.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Druh\u00fd den ofenz\u00edva \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b pokra\u010dovala. V centru p\u0159e\u0161ly do \u00fatoku 27. a 40. arm\u00e1da Trofimenka a Moskalenka. Jednotky Severn\u00ed flotily \u2013 53., 69. a 7. gardov\u00e1 arm\u00e1da \u2013 za\u00fato\u010dily na Belgorod. Ze vzduchu byly sov\u011btsk\u00e9 jednotky podporov\u00e1ny 2. a 5. leteckou arm\u00e1dou Krasovsk\u00e9ho a Gorjunova.
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Tanky T-34-76 podporuj\u00ed \u00fatok p\u011bchoty na Kursk Bulge<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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D\u016fstojn\u00edci a voj\u00e1ci Rud\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy pobl\u00ed\u017e tanku Pz. Kpfw. IV Ausf. H od (pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b) 5. tankov\u00e9 divize Wehrmachtu zajat\u00e9 v Kursk Bulge u Orla.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Osvobozen\u00ed Orla a Charkova<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

3. srpna 1943 prorazily formace Baltsk\u00e9 flotily nep\u0159\u00e1telskou obranu na \u0159ece Optukha a dos\u00e1hly Orla. Jako prvn\u00ed prolomila n\u011bmeckou obranu 308. p\u011b\u0161\u00ed divize gener\u00e1la Gurtjeva. Velitel divize padl u m\u011bstsk\u00fdch hradeb. Posmrtn\u011b mu byl ud\u011blen titul Hrdina SSSR. Jej\u00ed jednotky, pos\u00edlen\u00e9 17. tankovou brig\u00e1dou, pochodovaly sm\u011brem k m\u011bstu a pod\u00e9l \u017eeleznice ji\u017en\u011b od Oky. Vyu\u017eit\u00edm \u00fasp\u011bchu sv\u00e9ho souseda \u0161la vp\u0159ed tak\u00e9 380. divize na lev\u00e9m k\u0159\u00eddle. Do \u00fatoku p\u0159e\u0161ly i formace 63. arm\u00e1dy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. srpna na\u0161e jednotky osvobodily Orjol a Belgorod. Na po\u010dest tohoto v\u00edt\u011bzstv\u00ed se ve\u010der 5. srpna konal v Moskv\u011b prvn\u00ed oh\u0148ostroj b\u011bhem v\u00e1lky. Toho dne pozdravilo hrdiny Kursk Bulge 24 d\u011blost\u0159eleck\u00fdch brig\u00e1d, kter\u00e9 um\u00edstily salutovac\u00ed zbran\u011b na r\u016fzn\u00e9 ulice hlavn\u00edho m\u011bsta tak, aby salvy byly viditeln\u00e9 odev\u0161ad. Z ka\u017ed\u00e9ho bylo vyp\u00e1leno celkem 10-15 salv.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Skupina kulomet\u010d\u00edk\u016f 89. gardov\u00e9 st\u0159eleck\u00e9 divize na severn\u00edm okraji Belgorodu<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Obyvatel\u00e9 osvobozen\u00e9ho Belgorodu se u k\u0159\u00eddov\u00e9 hory setk\u00e1vaj\u00ed se zv\u011bdy 89. gardov\u00e9 st\u0159eleck\u00e9 divize. 5. srpna 1943<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Velitel motost\u0159eleck\u00e9ho kulometn\u00e9ho praporu 17. gardov\u00e9 tankov\u00e9 brig\u00e1dy gardy ser\u017eant Nikolaj Fedorovi\u010d Mala\u0161enko s transparentem v okenn\u00edm otvoru domu v Pu\u0161kinsk\u00e9 ulici v osvobozen\u00e9m m\u011bst\u011b Orel (Orel je voln\u00fd!)
11. srpna sov\u011btsk\u00e1 vojska osvobodila Chotyn\u011bc a 15. srpna Kara\u010dev. Do 18. srpna vyhnaly arm\u00e1dy Z\u00e1padn\u00ed, Brjansk\u00e9 a St\u0159edn\u00ed fronty nacisty z oryolsk\u00e9 \u0159\u00edmsy. N\u011bmeck\u00e9 divize ustoupily k obrann\u00e9 linii Hagen v\u00fdchodn\u011b od Brjanska. Na\u0161i voj\u00e1ci nebyli schopni prorazit novou nep\u0159\u00e1telskou obrannou linii za pohybu. Operace Oryol byla dokon\u010dena. Po sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed frontov\u00e9 linie uvolnilo n\u011bmeck\u00e9 velen\u00ed 17 diviz\u00ed pro jin\u00e9 sektory fronty. V\u0161ichni ale utrp\u011bli t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty a pot\u0159ebovali posily a odpo\u010dinek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

6.\u20137. srpna jednotky VF osvobodily Bogodukhov a Grayvoron. Pot\u00e9 na\u0161e jednotky p\u0159eru\u0161ily \u017eeleznici do Poltavy a rozd\u011blily charkovskou nep\u0159\u00e1telskou skupinu na dv\u011b \u010d\u00e1sti. Roz\u0161i\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00edm mezery dos\u00e1hly rusk\u00e9 jednotky Boromlya, Akhtyrka, Kotelna, kter\u00e9 nacist\u00e9 prom\u011bnili v siln\u00e9 pevnosti. Charkov byl zajat ze z\u00e1padu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u011bmeck\u00e9 velen\u00ed organizovalo siln\u00e9 proti\u00fatoky ve sm\u011bru Bogodukhovsky a Achtyrsky. N\u011bmci sestavili a\u017e 11 diviz\u00ed, z toho 7 tankov\u00fdch. Nacist\u00e9 zasadili siln\u00e9 \u00fadery do lev\u00e9ho k\u0159\u00eddla a st\u0159edu VF, \u010d\u00edm\u017e zastavili postup 6. gardov\u00e9 a 1. tankov\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy. Vatutin musel p\u0159iv\u00e9st do boje 5. gardovou tankovou arm\u00e1du.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u011bmci nedok\u00e1zali porazit a zatla\u010dit na\u0161e jednotky, i kdy\u017e se vyhnuli mo\u017en\u00e9 katastrof\u011b pro Charkovskou skupinu. Tvrdohlav\u00e9 boje prob\u00edhaly v p\u00e1smech 40. a 27. arm\u00e1dy. 38. arm\u00e1da p\u0159e\u0161la do \u00fatoku. Z\u00e1loha VF – 47. arm\u00e1da Korzun – byla vr\u017eena do boje. V oblasti Akhtyrka se nach\u00e1zela z\u00e1loha velitelstv\u00ed – 4. gardov\u00e1 arm\u00e1da Kulik. V d\u016fsledku toho byly n\u011bmeck\u00e9 proti\u00fatoky odra\u017eeny. 40. arm\u00e1da osvobodila Lebedin a dos\u00e1hla \u0159eky Psel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nacist\u00e9 tvrdo\u0161\u00edjn\u011b lp\u011bli na Charkov\u011b. Byly sem p\u0159esunuty posily. Hitler po\u017eadoval, aby si Manstein za ka\u017edou cenu ponechal d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 pr\u016fmyslov\u00e9 centrum sov\u011btsk\u00e9 Ukrajiny. Odtud mohli Rusov\u00e9 \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u011b postupovat na Donbass. 23. srpna sov\u011btsk\u00e1 vojska osvobodila Charkov. N\u011bmeck\u00e1 arm\u00e1da musela ustoupit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dobyt\u00ed Charkova ukon\u010dilo tit\u00e1nskou bitvu na Kursk Bulge. Moskva pozdravila osvoboditele Charkova 20 salvami z 224 d\u011bl.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sov\u011btsk\u00e9 jednotky se pokusily okam\u017eit\u011b prorazit k Poltav\u011b pod\u00e9l \u017eeleznice, ale narazily na silnou nep\u0159\u00e1telskou obranu jihoz\u00e1padn\u011b od Charkova. N\u011bmeck\u00e1 8. poln\u00ed a 4. tankov\u00e1 arm\u00e1da na konci srpna dok\u00e1zaly zpomalit postup nep\u0159\u00edtele. Fronta se do\u010dasn\u011b stabilizovala od ohybu Severn\u00edho Don\u011bcka ji\u017en\u011b od Charkova k oblasti Lebedin. N\u011bmeck\u00e9 arm\u00e1dy v\u0161ak utrp\u011bly t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 ztr\u00e1ty, zejm\u00e9na 4. tankov\u00e1 arm\u00e1da, a velen\u00ed se ob\u00e1valo nevyhnuteln\u00fdch budouc\u00edch rusk\u00fdch ofenz\u00edv.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Skupinov\u00fd portr\u00e9t sov\u011btsk\u00e9ho vojensk\u00e9ho person\u00e1lu na n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed Pervomajsky (n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed tank\u016f) v Orlu. Fotografie byla po\u0159\u00edzena v p\u0159edve\u010der otev\u0159en\u00ed 6.8.1943 pomn\u00edku u hromadn\u00e9ho hrobu tankist\u016f 17. gardov\u00e9 tankov\u00e9 brig\u00e1dy a 34. samostatn\u00e9ho gardov\u00e9ho tankov\u00e9ho pr\u016flomov\u00e9ho pluku z 1. gardov\u00e9ho tankov\u00e9ho sboru, kte\u0159\u00ed zahynuli b\u011bhem osvobozen\u00ed Orla. Zpo\u010d\u00e1tku byl na hlin\u011bn\u00fd podstavec nad hromadn\u00fdm hrobem instalov\u00e1n tank T-70 velitele tankov\u00e9 roty 17. gardy. Tankov\u00e1 brig\u00e1da gardy, nadporu\u010d\u00edk S.V. Mar\u010denko. V pozad\u00ed jsou lehk\u00e9 tanky T-70B.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdznam<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Rud\u00e1 arm\u00e1da tak vzala Charkov v letn\u00ed kampani 1943.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na pol\u00edch t\u011b\u017ek\u00fdch a krvav\u00fdch bitev, kter\u00e9 se rozvinuly ji\u017en\u011b od Kurska, pak v oblasti Orel, Belgorod a Charkov, utrp\u011bli N\u011bmci t\u011b\u017ekou por\u00e1\u017eku. 30 n\u011bmeck\u00fdch diviz\u00ed bylo pora\u017eeno. Velen\u00ed Wehrmachtu ve v\u00e1lce nav\u017edy ztratilo iniciativu. N\u011bmci p\u0159e\u0161li na strategickou obranu. St\u00e1le m\u011bli velkou s\u00edlu pokra\u010dovat v boji.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Manstein shrnul operaci Citadela:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201eByla posledn\u00edm pokusem udr\u017eet na\u0161i iniciativu na v\u00fdchod\u011b; sv\u00fdm ne\u00fasp\u011bchem rovnaj\u00edc\u00edm se ne\u00fasp\u011bchu p\u0159e\u0161la iniciativa nakonec na sov\u011btskou stranu. Operace Citadela je proto rozhoduj\u00edc\u00edm zlomem ve v\u00e1lce na v\u00fdchodn\u00ed front\u011b.\u201c<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
N\u011bmeck\u00fd tank Pz. Kpfw. V „Panther“, sest\u0159elen\u00fd pos\u00e1dkou gardov\u00e9ho vrchn\u00edho ser\u017eanta Parfenova. P\u0159edm\u011bst\u00ed Charkova, srpen 1943.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Operace Kutuzov Obrann\u00e1 bitva na st\u0159edn\u00ed front\u011b byla dokon\u010dena 12. \u010dervence 1943, na Voron\u011b\u017esk\u00e9 front\u011b…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1314,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[117],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1313","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historie"],"yoast_head":"\nCharkov je voln\u00fd! 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