{"id":433,"date":"2023-10-02T01:06:46","date_gmt":"2023-10-01T23:06:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/?p=433"},"modified":"2023-10-02T10:10:28","modified_gmt":"2023-10-02T08:10:28","slug":"hirosima-na-kolejich-jak-australsky-atomovy-tank-dobyl-vietnam","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/hirosima-na-kolejich-jak-australsky-atomovy-tank-dobyl-vietnam\/","title":{"rendered":"Hiro\u0161ima na kolej\u00edch: Jak australsk\u00fd \u201eatomov\u00fd tank\u201c dobyl Vietnam"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Pro\u010d bylo t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 brn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 dorazilo do Vietnamu, samo o sob\u011b smrt\u00edc\u00ed \u2013 p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh jadern\u00fdch zkou\u0161ek a lidsk\u00e9 neopatrnosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Jadern\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed je zp\u011bt na sv\u011btov\u00e9 agend\u011b. B\u011bhem dvac\u00e1t\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed byl nem\u00edrov\u00fd atom mnohokr\u00e1t testov\u00e1n za nejneobvyklej\u0161\u00edch okolnost\u00ed. Tyto p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy \u010dasto vedly k trag\u00e9di\u00edm. Arm\u00e1da je, a\u0165 se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 cokoli, kr\u00e1lovstv\u00edm chaosu a neschopn\u00ed bl\u00e1zni se v \u0159ad\u00e1ch ozbrojen\u00fdch sil nach\u00e1zej\u00ed \u010dast\u011bji, ne\u017e bychom si p\u0159\u00e1li. Ale jadern\u00e1 energie nen\u00ed l\u00e1tka, se kterou by se dalo zach\u00e1zet nedbale. Kupodivu jeden z nejk\u0159iklav\u011bj\u0161\u00edch p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh\u016f radioaktivn\u00ed hlouposti se t\u00fdk\u00e1 Austr\u00e1lie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V roce 1945 za\u010dal nov\u00fd tank Centurion p\u0159ij\u00ed\u017ed\u011bt do britsk\u00fdch jednotek. Tento stroj se opozdil na druhou sv\u011btovou v\u00e1lku, ale b\u011bhem studen\u00e9 v\u00e1lky dok\u00e1zal slou\u017eit po cel\u00e9m sv\u011bt\u011b. „Centuriony“ byly samoz\u0159ejm\u011b dod\u00e1v\u00e1ny tak\u00e9 do zem\u00ed Britsk\u00e9ho spole\u010denstv\u00ed n\u00e1rod\u016f, zejm\u00e9na do Austr\u00e1lie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>
\n

Velitel jednotek informuje velitele tank\u016f p\u0159ed uveden\u00edm Centurion\u016f do bitvy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Austr\u00e1lie v sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b nen\u00ed \u010dlenem jadern\u00e9ho klubu, ale v 50. letech se v\u00e1\u017en\u011b zab\u00fdvala problematikou z\u00edsk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed atomov\u00fdch zbran\u00ed. A krom\u011b toho Britov\u00e9 prov\u00e1d\u011bli sv\u00e9 jadern\u00e9 testy na australsk\u00e9m \u00fazem\u00ed. Z pohledu Lond\u00fdna je zelen\u00fd kontinent prost\u011b r\u00e1jem pro jadern\u00e9 testov\u00e1n\u00ed. Obrovsk\u00e9 neobydlen\u00e9 prostory, pou\u0161t\u011b… Jedn\u00edm slovem vyho\u010fte do pov\u011bt\u0159\u00ed cokoli, jak chcete. Co\u017e p\u00e1nov\u00e9 vyu\u017eili.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tank Centurion \u010d\u00edslo 169041 dorazil do Austr\u00e1lie v roce 1952. N\u011bjakou dobu slou\u017eil k v\u00fdcviku pos\u00e1dek. A v roce 1953 pro n\u011bj na\u0161li nov\u00e9 vyu\u017eit\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V \u0159\u00edjnu 1953 provedli Britov\u00e9 operaci Totem na cvi\u010di\u0161ti Emu v ji\u017en\u00ed Austr\u00e1lii. To m\u00edsto je kus ob\u0159\u00ed pustiny uprost\u0159ed ni\u010deho. Tam se Britov\u00e9 rozhodli odp\u00e1lit dv\u011b mal\u00e9 bomby \u2013 pouze 9 a 7 kilotun. Testovac\u00ed m\u00edsto bylo \u0159\u00e1dn\u011b p\u0159ipraveno: letadla odeb\u00edrala vzorky vzduchu, radioaktivn\u00edch mrak\u016f, p\u016fdy a jako obvykle p\u0159ivezla ur\u010dit\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed vybaven\u00ed, aby pochopila, jak siln\u011b je zas\u00e1hne jadern\u00fd v\u00fdbuch.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mezi t\u011bmi, kter\u00e9 byly odsouzeny k por\u00e1\u017ece, byl \u201eCenturion\u201c 169041. Dopravit jej na m\u00edsto testov\u00e1n\u00ed byl dal\u0161\u00ed \u00fakol: tank byl p\u0159epravov\u00e1n na p\u0159\u00edv\u011bsu, ale silnice byly tak \u0161patn\u00e9 a testovac\u00ed m\u00edsto se nach\u00e1zelo v takov\u00e9 divo\u010din\u011b, \u017ee posledn\u00edch 200 kilometr\u016f auto ujelo na m\u00edsto testu vlastn\u00ed silou a protla\u010dilo se kamen\u00edm a trnit\u00fdm k\u0159ov\u00edm s pades\u00e1titunovou mr\u0161inou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na cvi\u010di\u0161ti byl tank ov\u011b\u0161en \u010didly, dotankov\u00e1n a nabit munic\u00ed. Uvnit\u0159 byly um\u00edst\u011bny figur\u00edny p\u0159edstavuj\u00edc\u00ed pos\u00e1dku. P\u0159ed zkou\u0161kami byla n\u00e1dr\u017e nastartov\u00e1na, v\u0161echny syst\u00e9my byly aktivov\u00e1ny a poklopy byly uzav\u0159eny. Stru\u010dn\u011b \u0159e\u010deno, m\u011bl zobrazovat tank v re\u00e1ln\u00e9 bojov\u00e9 situaci pod \u00fatokem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"
Uk\u00e1zka p\u0159ekon\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159ek\u00e1\u017eky s tankem v Anglii 30. \u0159\u00edjna 1953.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

14. \u0159\u00edjna 1953 byla p\u016fl kilometru od tanku na speci\u00e1ln\u011b postaven\u00e9 v\u011b\u017ei odp\u00e1lena bomba.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00fdsledek v\u0161echny velmi p\u0159ekvapil. „Centurion“ z\u016fstal obecn\u011b nedot\u010den. Tank se p\u0159evr\u00e1til o n\u011bkolik metr\u016f. Bo\u010dn\u00ed z\u00e1st\u011bny zakr\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed koleje byly utr\u017eeny. To, co viselo na vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed stran\u011b n\u00e1dr\u017ee, bylo utr\u017eeno, optika byla po\u0161kozena a poklopy se otev\u0159ely. Figur\u00edny uvnit\u0159 byly rozdrceny r\u00e1zovou vlnou a oz\u00e1\u0159en\u00e9 natolik, \u017ee kdyby to byli lid\u00e9, bu\u010f by r\u00e1nu nep\u0159e\u017eili, nebo by se za p\u00e1r hodin zhroutili na nemoc z oz\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed a o p\u00e1r dn\u00ed pozd\u011bji by zem\u0159eli. Ale… \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 dal\u0161\u00ed \u0161kody nebyly zaznamen\u00e1ny. Dokonce i motor pokra\u010doval v pr\u00e1ci, tank nesho\u0159el a jeho v\u011b\u017e nebyla odp\u00e1lena. Zkr\u00e1tka po kr\u00e1tk\u00e9 oprav\u011b by byl znovu pou\u017eiteln\u00fd.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

To, co n\u00e1sledovalo, vypadalo jako skute\u010dn\u00e1 p\u0159ehl\u00eddka nedbalosti. M\u011b\u0159en\u00ed uk\u00e1zala z\u00e1\u0159en\u00ed, ale bylo pova\u017eov\u00e1no za nev\u00fdznamn\u00e9 a ne nebezpe\u010dn\u00e9. \u201eAtomov\u00e1 n\u00e1dr\u017e\u201c byla d\u016fkladn\u011b umyta, pot\u00e9 v n\u00ed pos\u00e1dka jednodu\u0161e odjela.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pos\u00e1dk\u00e1m tanku nebyly poskytnuty \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 ochrann\u00e9 prost\u0159edky. Ne, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 obleky. Ne, ani dozimetr. Pos\u00e1dka jela s tankem 130 mil od m\u00edsta testov\u00e1n\u00ed, dokud se neporouchal motor vozidla. N\u00e1znak osudu nebyl p\u0159ijat a do konce roku byl ne\u0161\u0165astn\u00fd Centurion odstran\u011bn odtahovkou a vr\u00e1cen na z\u00e1kladnu. N\u00e1dr\u017e pro\u0161la skute\u010dnou dekontaminac\u00ed a\u017e pot\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A o \u0161est m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f pozd\u011bji provedli m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed znovu a byli zd\u011b\u0161eni. B\u016fh v\u00ed, jak m\u011b\u0159ili \u00farove\u0148 radioaktivity bezprost\u0159edn\u011b po cvi\u010den\u00edch, ale te\u010f byl tank 60x siln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Dal\u0161\u00ed v\u011bc je, \u017ee te\u010f ten p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh vypadal n\u011bjak \u00fapln\u011b o\u0161kliv\u011b. Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee pos\u00e1dka, kter\u00e1 vedla Centurion z testovac\u00edho m\u00edsta, m\u011bla zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9 riziko rakoviny, stejn\u011b jako v\u0161ichni ostatn\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed se s n\u00ed zab\u00fdvali. Tank pro\u0161el podruh\u00e9 dekontaminac\u00ed a \u0161el do provozu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Tank „Centurion“ na skalnat\u00e9m h\u0159ebeni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V roce 1968 odjel tank 169041 s nov\u00fdm motorem a novou v\u011b\u017e\u00ed do Vietnamu jako sou\u010d\u00e1st 1. obrn\u011bn\u00e9ho pluku. U\u017e tehdy se tomu \u0159\u00edkalo \u201eatomov\u00fd tank\u201c. V kv\u011btnu 1969 zas\u00e1hl RPG gran\u00e1t od vietnamsk\u00e9ho partyz\u00e1na ramenn\u00ed popruh v\u011b\u017ee. Gran\u00e1t pro\u0161el bojov\u00fdm prostorem a uv\u00edzl v prav\u00e9m zadn\u00edm rohu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pos\u00e1dka p\u0159e\u017eila, pouze jeden tankista, voj\u00edn Carter, byl zran\u011bn tak v\u00e1\u017en\u011b, \u017ee musel b\u00fdt posl\u00e1n do nemocnice. V roce 1970 se \u201ejadern\u00fd\u201c Centurion vr\u00e1til z Vietnamu, byl na z\u00e1kladn\u011b opraven a ponech\u00e1n slou\u017eit. V roce 1977 \u0161el \u201eatomov\u00fd tank\u201c do dlouhodob\u00e9ho skladu a v roce 1992 se dokonce z\u00fa\u010dastnil ceremonie – n\u00e1\u010deln\u00edk gener\u00e1ln\u00edho \u0161t\u00e1bu zem\u011b gener\u00e1lporu\u010d\u00edk Coates se na n\u011bm svezl p\u0159i rozlu\u010dkov\u00e9 p\u0159ehl\u00eddce u p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed rezignace. Vozidlo se nyn\u00ed nach\u00e1z\u00ed v Robertson Barracks v Palmerston. Zd\u00e1lo by se, \u017ee je v\u0161e v po\u0159\u00e1dku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ale v roce 1990 59let\u00fd prapor\u010d\u00edk ve v\u00fdslu\u017eb\u011b (hodnost v arm\u00e1d\u00e1ch Britsk\u00e9ho spole\u010denstv\u00ed n\u00e1rod\u016f, zhruba \u0159e\u010deno obdoba na\u0161eho prapor\u010d\u00edka) Bob Thompson, kter\u00fd slou\u017eil v oprav\u00e1rensk\u00e9 jednotce v 50. letech, prohl\u00e1sil prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm novin Geelong Advertiser, \u017ee ze 16 lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed slou\u017eili<\/em> na „atomov\u00e9m tanku“, 12 ji\u017e zem\u0159elo na rakovinu a on s\u00e1m byl nemocn\u00fd. Nav\u00edc nen\u00ed zn\u00e1mo, jak a jak v\u00e1\u017en\u011b byli zran\u011bni lid\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed se zab\u00fdvali n\u00e1hradn\u00edmi d\u00edly z tohoto vozidla: odstran\u011bn\u00e1 v\u011b\u017e, star\u00fd motor atd. Thompson s\u00e1m demontoval p\u0159evodovku ze stejn\u00e9ho Centurionu, aby ji namontoval na jin\u00e9 auto.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Probl\u00e9m tohoto p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu, stejn\u011b jako u v\u011bt\u0161iny jadern\u00fdch katastrof, je ten, \u017ee v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nem\u016f\u017eeme \u0159\u00edci, zda se u \u010dlov\u011bka vyvinula rakovina kv\u016fli pr\u00e1ci s radioaktivn\u00edmi prvky nebo pozd\u011bji. Vid\u00edme pouze neosobn\u00ed vzorec. Rakovina byla a z\u016fst\u00e1v\u00e1 jednou z hlavn\u00edch p\u0159\u00ed\u010din \u00famrt\u00ed australsk\u00fdch senior\u016f. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, pokud je toto \u010d\u00edslo pravdiv\u00e9, je prost\u011b d\u011bsiv\u00e9 a daleko za hranic\u00ed obvykl\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tento p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh v\u0161ak nem\u011bl \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 v\u00e1\u017en\u00e9 n\u00e1sledky. P\u0159\u00edpad je ji\u017e zarostl\u00fd realitou a nebylo skute\u010dn\u011b mo\u017en\u00e9 zjistit, co se stalo ve vzd\u00e1len\u00fdch 50. letech. Thompsonova expozice tedy m\u011bla \u00fa\u010dinek kamene hozen\u00e9ho do ba\u017einy: diskutovalo se o tom v tisku a na f\u00f3rech na internetu, ale historie tanku 169041 z\u016fstala uzav\u0159ena. Samotn\u00e9 auto je vid\u011bt, pokud se najednou ocitnete v Austr\u00e1lii. Ale mo\u017en\u00e1 nem\u00e1 cenu se te\u010f brn\u011bn\u00ed dot\u00fdkat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

https:\/\/t.me\/jizniMorava<\/a> \ud83e\udd85<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Pro\u010d bylo t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 brn\u011bn\u00ed, kter\u00e9 dorazilo do Vietnamu, samo o sob\u011b smrt\u00edc\u00ed \u2013 p\u0159\u00edb\u011bh jadern\u00fdch…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":434,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[112],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-433","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-armada"],"yoast_head":"\nHiro\u0161ima na kolej\u00edch: Jak australsk\u00fd \u201eatomov\u00fd tank\u201c dobyl Vietnam - L\u00edpov\u00fd List<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/lipovylist.cz\/wordpress\/hirosima-na-kolejich-jak-australsky-atomovy-tank-dobyl-vietnam\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"cs_CZ\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" 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